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[et_pb_section admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbsection\u00a0\u00bb fullwidth=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb specialty=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb transparent_background=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb background_color=\u00a0\u00bb#eeee22″ allow_player_pause=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb inner_shadow=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb parallax=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb parallax_method=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb padding_mobile=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb make_fullwidth=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb use_custom_width=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb width_unit=\u00a0\u00bbon\u00a0\u00bb make_equal=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb use_custom_gutter=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_row admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbrow\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb4_4″][et_pb_cta admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbAppel d’action\u00a0\u00bb title=\u00a0\u00bbII. Le r\u00f4le de la forme\u00a0\u00bb url_new_window=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb use_background_color=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb background_color=\u00a0\u00bb#7EBEC5″ background_layout=\u00a0\u00bbdark\u00a0\u00bb text_orientation=\u00a0\u00bbleft\u00a0\u00bb module_id=\u00a0\u00bb1″ body_line_height=\u00a0\u00bb2em\u00a0\u00bb use_border_color=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb border_color=\u00a0\u00bb#ffffff\u00a0\u00bb border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb custom_button=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb button_letter_spacing=\u00a0\u00bb0″ button_use_icon=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb button_icon_placement=\u00a0\u00bbright\u00a0\u00bb button_on_hover=\u00a0\u00bbon\u00a0\u00bb button_letter_spacing_hover=\u00a0\u00bb0″] [\/et_pb_cta][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbsection\u00a0\u00bb fullwidth=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb specialty=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb transparent_background=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb background_color=\u00a0\u00bb#24e5cb\u00a0\u00bb allow_player_pause=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb inner_shadow=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb parallax=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb parallax_method=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb padding_mobile=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb make_fullwidth=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb use_custom_width=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb width_unit=\u00a0\u00bbon\u00a0\u00bb make_equal=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb use_custom_gutter=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_row admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbrow\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb4_4″][et_pb_cta admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbAppel d’action\u00a0\u00bb title=\u00a0\u00bba. Efforts a\u00e9rodynamiques\u00a0\u00bb url_new_window=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb use_background_color=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb background_color=\u00a0\u00bb#7EBEC5″ background_layout=\u00a0\u00bbdark\u00a0\u00bb text_orientation=\u00a0\u00bbleft\u00a0\u00bb module_id=\u00a0\u00bb1.1″ body_line_height=\u00a0\u00bb2em\u00a0\u00bb use_border_color=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb border_color=\u00a0\u00bb#ffffff\u00a0\u00bb border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb custom_button=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb button_letter_spacing=\u00a0\u00bb0″ button_use_icon=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb button_icon_placement=\u00a0\u00bbright\u00a0\u00bb button_on_hover=\u00a0\u00bbon\u00a0\u00bb button_letter_spacing_hover=\u00a0\u00bb0″] [\/et_pb_cta][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbsection\u00a0\u00bb fullwidth=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb specialty=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_row admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbrow\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb4_4″][et_pb_text admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbTexte\u00a0\u00bb background_layout=\u00a0\u00bblight\u00a0\u00bb text_orientation=\u00a0\u00bbjustified\u00a0\u00bb text_line_height=\u00a0\u00bb2em\u00a0\u00bb use_border_color=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb border_color=\u00a0\u00bb#ffffff\u00a0\u00bb border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n

Un objet en mouvement dans un fluide subit des efforts dans un rep\u00e8re x, y, z. Ces efforts sont dus \u00e0 la r\u00e9sistance du fluide face \u00e0 l’objet. Plusieurs facteurs induisent cette r\u00e9sistance, comme la mati\u00e8re de contact, la vitesse, la pression du fluide, mais aussi et surtout la forme de l\u2019objet. On parle de forme a\u00e9rodynamique lorsque l’on optimise les efforts exerc\u00e9s par le fluide. Il existe une force sur chaque axe : \uf0b7<\/p>\n

Une force de tra\u00een\u00e9e, sur l’axe x, nomm\u00e9 Fx \uf0b7<\/li>\n
Une force de d\u00e9rive, sur l’axe y, nomm\u00e9 Fy \uf0b7<\/li>\n
Une force de portance, sur l’axe z, nomm\u00e9 Fz<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
L’expression de la force est de la forme g\u00e9n\u00e9rale :<\/p>\n
$\"3\"$ <\/a>
\np= masse volumique de l’air ( varie avec la temp\u00e9rature et la pression, dans notre cas il vaut 1,225 kg\/m3) \uf0b7<\/p>\n
S = surface de contact \uf0b7 C = coefficient a\u00e9rodynamique \uf0b7 V = Vitesse de d\u00e9placement
\nLes efforts sont g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement mesur\u00e9s exp\u00e9rimentalement ou par simulation num\u00e9rique.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbrow\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb2_3″][et_pb_text admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbTexte\u00a0\u00bb background_layout=\u00a0\u00bblight\u00a0\u00bb text_orientation=\u00a0\u00bbleft\u00a0\u00bb text_line_height=\u00a0\u00bb2em\u00a0\u00bb use_border_color=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb border_color=\u00a0\u00bb#ffffff\u00a0\u00bb border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n
Pour mesurer l’efficacit\u00e9 a\u00e9rodynamique on utilise des coefficients a\u00e9rodynamiques, ils permettent de comparer l\u2019efficacit\u00e9 a\u00e9rodynamique de plusieurs formes, il y en a un par force et donc par axe : \uf0b7<\/p>\n
- Cz : le coefficient de portance<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
  L’expression des coefficients a\u00e9rodynamiques s’expriment par :<\/p>\n
  $\"1\"$ <\/a><\/p>\n
  <\/p>\n
  Pour donner un ordre de grandeur voici les coefficients de train\u00e9es de formes basiques.\u00a0 –><\/p>\n
  [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb1_3″][et_pb_image admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbImage\u00a0\u00bb src=\u00a0\u00bbhttps:\/\/tpe-aerodynamique.trevalim.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/2-1.jpg\u00a0\u00bb show_in_lightbox=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb url_new_window=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb animation=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb sticky=\u00a0\u00bbon\u00a0\u00bb align=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb force_fullwidth=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb always_center_on_mobile=\u00a0\u00bbon\u00a0\u00bb use_border_color=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb border_color=\u00a0\u00bb#ffffff\u00a0\u00bb border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb] [\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbsection\u00a0\u00bb fullwidth=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb specialty=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb transparent_background=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb background_color=\u00a0\u00bb#24e5cb\u00a0\u00bb allow_player_pause=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb inner_shadow=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb parallax=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb parallax_method=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb padding_mobile=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb make_fullwidth=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb use_custom_width=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb width_unit=\u00a0\u00bbon\u00a0\u00bb make_equal=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb use_custom_gutter=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_row admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbrow\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb4_4″][et_pb_cta admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbAppel d’action\u00a0\u00bb title=\u00a0\u00bbb. R\u00e9sistance de l’air \u00a0\u00bb url_new_window=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb use_background_color=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb background_color=\u00a0\u00bb#7EBEC5″ background_layout=\u00a0\u00bbdark\u00a0\u00bb text_orientation=\u00a0\u00bbleft\u00a0\u00bb module_id=\u00a0\u00bb1.2″ body_line_height=\u00a0\u00bb2em\u00a0\u00bb use_border_color=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb border_color=\u00a0\u00bb#ffffff\u00a0\u00bb border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb custom_button=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb button_letter_spacing=\u00a0\u00bb0″ button_use_icon=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb button_icon_placement=\u00a0\u00bbright\u00a0\u00bb button_on_hover=\u00a0\u00bbon\u00a0\u00bb button_letter_spacing_hover=\u00a0\u00bb0″] [\/et_pb_cta][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbsection\u00a0\u00bb fullwidth=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb specialty=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_row admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbrow\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb4_4″][et_pb_text admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbTexte\u00a0\u00bb background_layout=\u00a0\u00bblight\u00a0\u00bb text_orientation=\u00a0\u00bbjustified\u00a0\u00bb text_line_height=\u00a0\u00bb2em\u00a0\u00bb use_border_color=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb border_color=\u00a0\u00bb#ffffff\u00a0\u00bb border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n
  En chemin, l\u2019\u00e9coulement de l\u2019air est laminaire, \u00e0 l\u2019arriv\u00e9e sur un objet, il devient turbulent, et derri\u00e8re, il est tourbillonnaire, cr\u00e9ant ainsi une d\u00e9pression qui aura tendance \u00e0 aspirer l’objet vers l\u2019arri\u00e8re. La r\u00e9sistance de l\u2019air correspond \u00e0 l\u2019aspiration cr\u00e9\u00e9e par cette d\u00e9pression. Une grande partie du travail des ing\u00e9nieurs a\u00e9ronautiques consiste \u00e0 concevoir des formes d\u2019avion telles que la r\u00e9sistance de l\u2019air soit la plus faible.<\/p>\n
  [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbrow\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb1_3″][et_pb_text admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbTexte\u00a0\u00bb background_layout=\u00a0\u00bblight\u00a0\u00bb text_orientation=\u00a0\u00bbjustified\u00a0\u00bb text_line_height=\u00a0\u00bb2em\u00a0\u00bb use_border_color=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb border_color=\u00a0\u00bb#ffffff\u00a0\u00bb border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n
  Dans le cas d\u2019une demie-sph\u00e8re, la r\u00e9sistance de l\u2019air est l\u00e9g\u00e8rement moindre car les particules d\u2019air contournent plus facilement la surface, cependant, la d\u00e9pression est encore tr\u00e8s forte \u00e0 l\u2019arri\u00e8re de la demie-sph\u00e8re.<\/p>\n
  [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbImage\u00a0\u00bb src=\u00a0\u00bbhttps:\/\/tpe-aerodynamique.trevalim.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/demi-sph\u00e8re.png\u00a0\u00bb show_in_lightbox=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb url_new_window=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb animation=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb sticky=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb align=\u00a0\u00bbleft\u00a0\u00bb force_fullwidth=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb always_center_on_mobile=\u00a0\u00bbon\u00a0\u00bb use_border_color=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb border_color=\u00a0\u00bb#ffffff\u00a0\u00bb border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb] [\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb1_3″][et_pb_text admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbTexte\u00a0\u00bb background_layout=\u00a0\u00bblight\u00a0\u00bb text_orientation=\u00a0\u00bbjustified\u00a0\u00bb text_line_height=\u00a0\u00bb2em\u00a0\u00bb use_border_color=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb border_color=\u00a0\u00bb#ffffff\u00a0\u00bb border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n
  Si on prend maintenant une sph\u00e8re enti\u00e8re, l\u2019\u00e9coulement de l\u2019air se fera beaucoup plus facilement, cependant, une l\u00e9g\u00e8re d\u00e9pression subsiste \u00e0 l\u2019arri\u00e8re de la sph\u00e8re, ce n\u2019est donc pas la forme a\u00e9rodynamique parfaite.<\/p>\n
  [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbImage\u00a0\u00bb src=\u00a0\u00bbhttps:\/\/tpe-aerodynamique.trevalim.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/sph\u00e8re.png\u00a0\u00bb show_in_lightbox=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb url_new_window=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb animation=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb sticky=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb align=\u00a0\u00bbleft\u00a0\u00bb force_fullwidth=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb always_center_on_mobile=\u00a0\u00bbon\u00a0\u00bb use_border_color=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb border_color=\u00a0\u00bb#ffffff\u00a0\u00bb border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb] [\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb1_3″][et_pb_text admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbTexte\u00a0\u00bb background_layout=\u00a0\u00bblight\u00a0\u00bb text_orientation=\u00a0\u00bbjustified\u00a0\u00bb text_line_height=\u00a0\u00bb2em\u00a0\u00bb use_border_color=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb border_color=\u00a0\u00bb#ffffff\u00a0\u00bb border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n
  Il n\u2019y a en r\u00e9alit\u00e9 aucune forme a\u00e9rodynamique parfaite, cependant, on peut d\u00e9former cette sph\u00e8re de mani\u00e8re \u00e0 obtenir une forme biseaut\u00e9e, de cette mani\u00e8re, la r\u00e9sistance de l\u2019air est la plus faible. Tout comme la Microjoule qui est de cette forme !<\/p>\n
  [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbImage\u00a0\u00bb src=\u00a0\u00bbhttps:\/\/tpe-aerodynamique.trevalim.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/goutte.png\u00a0\u00bb show_in_lightbox=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb url_new_window=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb animation=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb sticky=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb align=\u00a0\u00bbleft\u00a0\u00bb force_fullwidth=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb always_center_on_mobile=\u00a0\u00bbon\u00a0\u00bb use_border_color=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb border_color=\u00a0\u00bb#ffffff\u00a0\u00bb border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb] [\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbsection\u00a0\u00bb fullwidth=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb specialty=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb background_image=\u00a0\u00bbhttps:\/\/tpe-aerodynamique.trevalim.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/MICROJOULE-photo-Alain-Monnot-autonewsinfo-1.jpg\u00a0\u00bb transparent_background=\u00a0\u00bbon\u00a0\u00bb allow_player_pause=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb inner_shadow=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb parallax=\u00a0\u00bbon\u00a0\u00bb parallax_method=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb padding_mobile=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb make_fullwidth=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb use_custom_width=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb width_unit=\u00a0\u00bbon\u00a0\u00bb make_equal=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb use_custom_gutter=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_row admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbrow\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb4_4″][et_pb_divider admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbS\u00e9parateur\u00a0\u00bb color=\u00a0\u00bb#ffffff\u00a0\u00bb show_divider=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb height=\u00a0\u00bb80″ divider_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb divider_position=\u00a0\u00bbtop\u00a0\u00bb hide_on_mobile=\u00a0\u00bbon\u00a0\u00bb] [\/et_pb_divider][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbsection\u00a0\u00bb fullwidth=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb specialty=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb transparent_background=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb background_color=\u00a0\u00bb#24e5cb\u00a0\u00bb allow_player_pause=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb inner_shadow=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb parallax=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb parallax_method=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb padding_mobile=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb make_fullwidth=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb use_custom_width=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb width_unit=\u00a0\u00bbon\u00a0\u00bb make_equal=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb use_custom_gutter=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_row admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbrow\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb4_4″][et_pb_cta admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbAppel d’action\u00a0\u00bb title=\u00a0\u00bbc. Portance d’un avion\u00a0\u00bb url_new_window=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb use_background_color=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb background_color=\u00a0\u00bb#7EBEC5″ background_layout=\u00a0\u00bbdark\u00a0\u00bb text_orientation=\u00a0\u00bbleft\u00a0\u00bb module_id=\u00a0\u00bb1.3″ body_line_height=\u00a0\u00bb2em\u00a0\u00bb use_border_color=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb border_color=\u00a0\u00bb#ffffff\u00a0\u00bb border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb custom_button=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb button_letter_spacing=\u00a0\u00bb0″ button_use_icon=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb button_icon_placement=\u00a0\u00bbright\u00a0\u00bb button_on_hover=\u00a0\u00bbon\u00a0\u00bb button_letter_spacing_hover=\u00a0\u00bb0″] [\/et_pb_cta][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbsection\u00a0\u00bb fullwidth=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb specialty=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_row admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbrow\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb1_3″][et_pb_text admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbTexte\u00a0\u00bb background_layout=\u00a0\u00bblight\u00a0\u00bb text_orientation=\u00a0\u00bbjustified\u00a0\u00bb text_line_height=\u00a0\u00bb2em\u00a0\u00bb use_border_color=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb border_color=\u00a0\u00bb#ffffff\u00a0\u00bb border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n
  En vol, un avion subit quatre grandes forces qui s\u2019exercent sur le centre de gravit\u00e9 de l\u2019avion.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
  [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb1_3″][et_pb_text admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbTexte\u00a0\u00bb background_layout=\u00a0\u00bblight\u00a0\u00bb text_orientation=\u00a0\u00bbjustified\u00a0\u00bb text_line_height=\u00a0\u00bb2em\u00a0\u00bb use_border_color=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb border_color=\u00a0\u00bb#ffffff\u00a0\u00bb border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n
  Sur le plan vertical<\/span><\/span><\/u>, il y a tout d\u2019abord la <\/span>pesanteur<\/span><\/b>, qui tire l\u2019avion vers le sol, et la <\/span>portance<\/span><\/b>, qui au contraire le fait monter. En vol horizontal<\/span> <\/b>\u00e0 une vitesse constante, <\/span>la portance \u00e9quilibre la force exerc\u00e9e par la pesanteur.<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n
  [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb1_3″][et_pb_text admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbTexte\u00a0\u00bb background_layout=\u00a0\u00bblight\u00a0\u00bb text_orientation=\u00a0\u00bbjustified\u00a0\u00bb text_line_height=\u00a0\u00bb2em\u00a0\u00bb use_border_color=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb border_color=\u00a0\u00bb#ffffff\u00a0\u00bb border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n
  Sur le plan horizontal<\/span><\/span><\/u>, il y a tout d\u2019abord la <\/span>tra\u00een\u00e9e<\/span><\/b>, que nous avons vu ci-dessus, mais aussi la force qui permet \u00e0 l\u2019avion de se mouvoir, c\u2019est \u00e0 dire soit la <\/span>traction <\/span><\/b>de l\u2019h\u00e9lice, ou la <\/span>pouss\u00e9e<\/span><\/b> des r\u00e9acteurs.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
  [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbrow\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb4_4″][et_pb_text admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbTexte\u00a0\u00bb background_layout=\u00a0\u00bblight\u00a0\u00bb text_orientation=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb text_line_height=\u00a0\u00bb2em\u00a0\u00bb use_border_color=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb border_color=\u00a0\u00bb#ffffff\u00a0\u00bb border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n
  $\"sch\u00e9ma\"$ <\/a><\/p>\n
  [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbrow\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb4_4″][et_pb_text admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbTexte\u00a0\u00bb background_layout=\u00a0\u00bblight\u00a0\u00bb text_orientation=\u00a0\u00bbjustified\u00a0\u00bb text_line_height=\u00a0\u00bb2em\u00a0\u00bb use_border_color=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb border_color=\u00a0\u00bb#ffffff\u00a0\u00bb border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n
  La forme d’une aile d\u2019avion est courbe, et non pas plane, pour faciliter l\u2019\u00e9coulement de l\u2019air et pour que l’air \u00ab\u00a0appui\u00a0\u00bb plus sur l’aile. Cette adh\u00e9rence de l\u2019air permet d\u2019\u00e9viter l\u2019\u00e9coulement tourbillonnaire qui se cr\u00e9e sur le dos de l\u2019aile, cependant, une d\u00e9pression est n\u00e9cessaire pour faire voler l\u2019avion. Le dos de l\u2019aile est appel\u00e9 extrados, son ventre est appel\u00e9 intrados, le bord le plus bomb\u00e9 de l\u2019aile, celui qui fait face \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9coulement de l\u2019air est nomm\u00e9 bord d\u2019attaque, le bord oppos\u00e9 est le bord de fuite. On pourra \u00e9galement prendre la corde qui est le segment reliant le bord d\u2019attaque au bord de fuite.<\/p>\n
  $\"aile\"$ <\/a><\/p>\n
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